SCIENCE BEHIND

Equine Hanna Somatics® (EHS)

What is POSTURE?

Abnormal or Maladaptive Compensatory Posture

Posture is an unconsciously mediated adaptive process of the nervous system that organizes the body as best it can to remain upright and in equilibrium against gravity and environmental factors, moment by moment, within the range of motion allowed by the current levels of resting myofascial tone. (Mayer 2013)

As horses adapt to their environment, they learn to keep various muscles habitually contracted, creating persistent areas of elevated resting myofascial tonus (aka tension).

It is this persistent tension that pulls the horse out of his or her natural alignment, creates postural patterns, and negatively impacts movement, soundness and well-being.

And once it's learned, it becomes the 'new normal' default posture that is maintained by involuntarily mediated motor output coming from the brain stem...

PHOTOS: Horses who presented with various examples of the characteristic maladaptive compensatory habitual postures typically reversible with Equine Hanna Somatics® Education.

REFERENCES

Cacciatore, T. W., Anderson, D. I., & Cohen, R. G. (2024). Central mechanisms of muscle tone regulation: implications for pain and performance. Frontiers in neuroscience, 18, 1511783. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2024.1511783

Criswell, E. & Mayer, A. (2006-2025) Equine Hanna Somatics® Professional Training Program Manual

Hanna, T. (1988) Somatics - Reawakening the Mind’s Control of Movement, Flexibility and Health. Da Capo Press

The PROBLEM

Chronic tension is a natural adaptive response to stress, trauma and repetitive motion. Manual therapy, stretching and strengthening or conscious efforts at controlling posture or 'relaxing' do not address the centrally controlled 🧠 nervous system complexities underlying muscle tone...(Cacciatore et al. 2024)

Vets, bodyworkers, physiotherapists, riders and trainers have always known relaxation and 'releases' were essential, but they were impossible to define, explain or access on demand. UNTIL NOW.

What is PANDICULATION?

Pandiculation, nature's postural reset.

Pandiculation is a natural behavior that contributes to the development and maintenance of a horse's neuromuscular integrity and mind-body integration at all ages and stages of life.

All animals spontaneously pandiculate, typically after a period of inactivity like sleeping or being confined.

Pandiculation can be done standing or laying down (ie. recumbent), and looks like a symmetrical full-body stretch, often accompanied by a yawn - or it can involve just one or two limbs at a time, or one limb and the neck, or wing… there are many variations on the ways different animals pandiculate.

Foals even pandiculate in their mother’s womb, and have been observed pandiculating up to 80 times per day after being born, as soon as on their 3rd day of life!

PHOTO: Aged Arabian mare demonstrating a spontaneous pandiculation reflex.

REFERENCES

A.F. Fraser, Pandiculation: the comparative phenomenon of systematic stretching, Applied Animal Behaviour Science, Volume 23, Issue 3, 1989, Pages 263-268, ISSN 0168-1591, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/0168159189901172?via%3Dihub

Bertolucci L. F. (2011). Pandiculation: nature's way of maintaining the functional integrity of the myofascial system?. Journal of bodywork and movement therapies, 15(3), 268–280. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbmt.2010.12.006

McGreevy, P. (2012). Equine Behavior, A Guide for Veterinarians and Equine Scientists (2nd ed.) Saunders Elsevier

The SOLUTION

Dr. Eleanor Criswell Ed.D. created Equine Hanna Somatics® (EHS) - a hands-on method of helping horses change their own default posture by resetting their resting myofascial tonus (aka chronic tension) back to NORMAL NEUTRAL LEVELS.

EHS is horse-centric somatic education based on the principles of basic neuroscience and the natural tendency of horses to pandiculate.

VOLUNTARY PANDICULATION

EHS is Pandiculation ON-Demand

Instead of treating the horses body manually, we invite the horse to actively participate in the EHS movements, which allows us to work directly with the root-cause of most muscular tension - the brain and the way it organizes the body for movement.

By working WITH the horse's brain to engage the Pandicular Response on-demand, we can access the existing pathways and programs of the horse's nervous system to efficiently target areas of habitual tension - and facilitate the horse in normalizing them from the inside.

Equine Hanna Somatics® is the only system that teaches you how to safely and reliably harness the power of Pandiculation to help horses effect rapid and permanent changes ​to their own baseline levels of muscle tension.

ILLUSTRATION: ©2013 Horse Brain by Barbara Chasteen, from Equine Hanna Somatics - Session 1 (introductory course)

REFERENCES:

Criswell, E. (2021) How Eleanor Criswell Created Equine Hanna Somatics (originally published 1997, Somatics Magazine: Journal of the Bodily Arts and Sciences) https://blog.equinehannasomatics.org/post/creating-equine-hanna-somatics

Hanna, T. (1990) Clinical Somatic Education: A New Discipline in the Field of Healthcare. Somatics Magazine: Journal of the Bodily Arts and Sciences, 4-10.

Before we can accurately assess conformation, asymmetry, soundness, strength or behavioral issues, we must identify and address the involuntary habitual tension that is pulling the horse out of alignment and creating the persistent postural deviations, functional weakness and crookedness everyone is trying to correct.

Characteristic Equine Postural Presentations

The most common maladaptive compensatory postures are caused by habituated stress-responses, which typically present in one of three easily recognizable postural patterns:

The Green Light Reflex

The Green Light Posture shows up when a horse is startled, afraid or excited, and is commonly known as "fight or flight." This is the Startle/Action Response.

Habitual contractions above the vertebral column produce spinal extension, downward pressure on the thorax, a camped out limb position, and...

The Red Light Reflex

The Red Light Posture shows up when a horse is withdrawing from their reality, usually because they cannot escape confinement or pain, and is commonly referred to as "shut down" or "introverted." This is the Withdrawal Response.

Habitual contractions below the vertebral column produce spinal flexion, a camped under limb position, and...

The Trauma Reflex

EHS Equine Trauma Asymmetry Posture

The Trauma/Asymmetry Posture (ie. crookedness) is often mistaken for laterality or "natural asymmetry" and it shows up when a horse is contracting the muscles on one side of their body more strongly than the other. This is an Antalgic (pain-avoidance) Response involving the withdrawal and crossed-extensor reflexes that becomes habituated, or is learned from repetitive motion or asymmetrical bracing...

"The role of Equine Hanna Somatics® is to help a horse's brain recognize inefficient and unconscious muscle contractions that are no longer useful, so they can regain conscious control over their own muscles and, therefore, also regain access to their full range of motion, comfort, strength and endurance.”

- Alissa Mayer, Director of the EHS Professional Training Program

BENEFITS

Case Studies and Published Research

Cognitive Enhancement

Athletic Performance

Injury Prevention

Real-life stories and studies that show the benefits of Hanna Somatic Education on body & mind.

Sarah Martin Dressage on Hanna Somatics

Hanna Somatics is an AMAZING Modality for Dressage Horses & Riders!

October 31, 20254 min read

This testimonial was originally published on the Sarah Martin Dressage Facebook page, January 24, 2017

"Had a remarkable weekend with Alissa Mayer conducting her Hanna Somatics workshop here at Mystique Pond Farm. If this is a term you are unfamiliar with, I highly encourage you to read on, look it up, or contact Alissa and create a workshop with her.

I said this last summer, and I repeat here: This is an AMAZING modality for resetting the human mind/ body, AND resetting old muscle patterns in the equine mind/ body.

My feeling after this weekend, in a hugely broad sense, and forgive me for a lack of science here, is that Hanna Somatics is to Pilates what Natural Horsemanship is to Dressage...

Allow me to explain:

In my opinion the NH approach I have adopted into my work allows my dressage horses to obtain a deeper access to their mental and physical performance by creating a MUCH deeper layer of relaxation. The NH tools I use induce what I would love to have the science to prove, is a meditative state for the horse. During these periods of meditation, or what we refer to as "Processing," the horse releases muscles throughout their poll, neck, back, hindlegs, shoulders- you never know where a release will occur, but if you wait for the cycle to truly complete, you get visible actions, such as the horse drawing a hindleg high up under the belly, and then returning it to the ground with a very visible release of low back muscles. This occurs while the horse is standing, most often with their eyes fully closed, or at least half closed, appearing to be "asleep". When the cycle is finished, they open their eyes, look around, and refocus on the human who is waiting for them to "come back."

I have found that with my sensitive Dressage horses, who we teach to become almost hyper sensitive to the slightest touch from our aids, this deep relaxation prevents a cycle of tension and awareness to develop, hence my analogy to meditation for the human. Of course, as all of my students have pointed out, this does remarkable things for the students awareness as well. As Dressage riders, we are quite addicted to the action-reaction cycle. Truly - who would not prefer to watch Piaffe-Passage transitions, or tempi changes, then to stand with your horse with the ultimate challenge being to observe when they will wake up from what must be an incredibly boring experience because they keep falling asleep???

In the methodology of Equine Hanna Somatics® you see much of the same physical manifestations, accompanied by the mental relaxation, that you see in the NH approach that we use. However the fascinating aspect to me, is that while the NH approach RELAXES the horse, the muscles release, stretch, and return to their same patterns.

With Hanna Somatics, the muscles are barely manipulated - there is an absolute adherence to less is more, you specifically AVOID the sensation of stretching [although if the horse does that for themselves, great] It is an incredibly gentle process of taking the limbs of the body in the direction first that they WANT to go, then inviting them the opposite direction. Interesting, in the patterns of the Old Masters - all exercises are done in sets of 3.

The process clearly resets energetic as well as nerve/muscle patterns in the body. You start to see coats glow, and without a doubt the horses drink copious amounts of water. Logically, Alissa explains at the start that as muscles release they need fluid to wash through the old cramped, stuck cells - and over the course of 3 days, we watched backs fill in, hindquarters round out , necks change their shape. It all sounds like hoo-doo, but it is real, and it works, and it stays with the horse. Of course if you do these 3 days and never follow up, the effects wear off and new muscle patterns return (actually, as I later explained to Sarah, they don't wear off, but it IS possible for the same, or very similar, contractions patterns to be re-acquired if the training or environmental factors are not changed - AM). However, the process is almost ridiculously easy to learn, does not take that long [maybe an hour for a full body session once you know what to do] and you can do it yourself. The cost of the workshop is akin to 4 average massages - but then you own the tools, and have the knowledge.

Each day includes Hanna Somatics for the human, and this is where I say it is the precursor to set your body/mind up for a great Pilates session. With deeper relaxation, greater body awareness, you can keep developing both your own, and your horse's, mind/body. I just want to ride for as long as I am alive...and this is another tool I truly think will allow me to do so!"

- Sarah Martin, USDF gold medalist and Certified Instructor through Fourth Level and USDF instructor/trainer faculty member.

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Alissa Mayer BSc(Equine) C-EHSE

Alissa Mayer is the Director of the Equine Hanna Somatics Professional Training & Certification Program and founder of the Association for Equine Hanna Somatics Education (AEHSE).

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EHS is not something that can be done TO a horse by the practitioner, but is a voluntary activity the horse engages in - a conversation the horse has WITH their own nervous system.

GET THE INTRODUCTORY ONLINE COURSE:

Equine Hanna Somatics - Session 1

Equine Hanna Somatics® is the only system that teaches you how to harness the powerful natural reflex of Pandiculation to help horses effect rapid and semi-permanent changes ​to their own baseline levels of muscle tension - from within.

Disclaimer: Equine/Canine/Human Hanna Somatics is not bodywork or manual therapy, and is not a diagnostic or treatment tool. The information included on this website and in any affiliated programs is is intended for educational purposes only and is not meant to take the place of professional veterinary or medical advice, may not be current, and is subject to change without notice. We encourage all members of the community to seek guidance from a licensed veterinarian, physician or allied healthcare practitioner regarding specific medical concerns or questions about your own or your animal’s health.

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